Intro to Information Technology

MODULATION




A modulator is a process of differencing one or more properties of a high frequency waveform which is called a carrier signal with a modulating system which contains information to be sent.


DEMODULATION


Demodulation is a performance of removing the original information and bearing signals from the modulator.It is also an electronic circuit that is used to get back the information.  



BANDWIDTH




A bandwidth is often used  for data transfer rate - There is a period of time that is given to carry the amount of data from one point to another.


TCP/IP


A TCP/IP is definition of a framework for computer network protocols.IT can be called an Internet Protocol Suite that describes a general design of guidelines of a certain network protocol that allows computers to communicate over a network.

NODE




A node can be a device or a computer just like a printer. Each node is unique because it has each  its own unique network address.

CLIENT



A client is the entreating program in a server relationship .the user of a web browser is effectively allowing servers request pages from other servers.

SERVER




 A server is a computer or device that mangers network resources it is divided to 3 types of servers which is file server which is a computer or a storage device. any user on the network can store files on the server. A print server is also a computer that managers one or more printers/ and finally a database server is a computer system that processes the database.Server is dedicated. which means they don't do any other task besides the server task.

NETWORK OPERATING SYSTEM




Network operating System or also can be called (NOS) is an operating system that includes some special functions for connecting computers and devices in your a local area network.




NETWORK ADMINISTRATOR




A network administrator is a person who is responsible for maintenance of computer hardware and software.it includes deploying, configuring, maintaining and monitoring.they always concentrate on the overall integrity of the network. 

DISK CACHING

Basically disk caching is a little portion of RAM  to speed up access to data on a disk.hard disk cache are affective but its more expensive  and therefore smaller.It is usually included as a part of the hard disk and it also holds data that has recently been read.


FILE COMPRESSION




File compression is used when sending a file from one pc to another over connection that has limited bandwidth. It makes the file smaller and sends it faster.



FILE DECOMPRESSION



A file decompessor is the opposite of file compression.It is the encoding of data to consume less space and banwidth






INTERNET HARD DRIVE



 An internet disc drive is a mechanism that reads and writes data on a hard disc.many disc drives improve their performance through a technique called caching.






OPTICAL DISC DRIVE











SOLID-STATE STORAGE



A solid state drive or also can be called  (SSD) is a  data storage device thats uses the memory to keep persistent data for providing access in the same manner of a traditional block.they use the same interface as hard disc drives.

ERGONOMIC KEYBOARD

INKJET PRINTER





LASER PRINTER

• A laser printer is a common type of computer printer that produces high quality text and graphics on plain paper. ...One of the chief characteristics of laser printers is their resolution -- how many dots per inch (dpi) they lay down.

MAGNETIC- INK CHARACTER RECOGNITION

•  An Magnetic Ink Character Recognition, or MICR, is a character recognition technology used mostly by the banking industry to facilitate the processing of cheques.it allows people to read it and its technology.it would be printed in magnetic ink near the bottom of the front of the check .
  

OPTICAL-CHARACTER

• An Optical character recognition, usually called OCR,  is the process by which a computer attempts to match up parts of an electronic image, typically the result of scanning a printed page, with characters, such as letters, to produce a file containing text...

OPTICAL-MARK RECOGNITION

RAM






RAM OR ALSO  KNOWN AS RANDOM ACCESS MEMORY IS A COMPUTER MEMORY THAT HOLDS DATA that is any byte of memory can be accessed without touching the former bytes. RAM is the most common type of memory found in computers and printers and other devices.






CACHE MEMORY

Cache memory trasparently stores data so that data for the future can be served faster. When a cache is been used. there must a way in which the memory controllet defines whether the value currently being addressed in memory is avalaible from the cache.



ROM



Read-Only Memory(ROM) is known as a class of storage medium that can be used in computers and other devices. Any data that is stored in the ROM cant be modified because the main idea is to distribute firmware.



FLASH MEMORY






Flash memory is a chip that can be reprogrammed and electrically erased. It is found in memory cards, USB flashdrivers,Mp3 players and many more.The main idea is to transfer data and store it from the computer to other various electronic devices.

GRAPHIC CARD

• A graphic card is an expansion card that consists of video card, video adapter, graphics-accelerator card.Its function is to generate and output images to a display.

SOUND CARD




Basically a sound card is an internal computer expansion card that provides the input and output of audio signals to and from a computer under control of computer programs. This term is also applied to external audio interfaces that use software to generate sound. The use of sound cards include providing the audio component for multimedia applications such as music, editing video or audio, presentation, entertainment  and video projection. Most computers have built in sounds, while others require additional expansion cards to provide for audio capability.








NETWORK INTERFACE CARD


 Network Interface Card(NIC) is an expansion board that you can insert into a personal computer so that it can  be connected to a network. Most NICs are built for a particular type of network, protocol and media although some can serve multiple networks.





PLUG AND PLAY






Plug and Play (PnP) is a skill developed by Microsoft for its Windows 95 and other operating systems that gives users the ability to plug a device into a computer and have the computer recognize that the device is there.  Plug and Play has been replaced by an open, industry standard, Universal Plug and Play (UPnP) which uses Internet protocols for continuous device plug-in.



SERIAL PORT






A serial port can be used for communication.Most serial ports on pesonal computers comform to certain standards.A serial port is a general purpose interface that can be used for any type of device which includes modems,printers and mice.

PARALLEL PORT








A parallel port is a type of interface found on computers for connecting several peripherals. In computing, a parallel port is a communication physical interface. It is also known as a printer port. 


UNIVERSAL SERIAL BUS PORT






 USB port is a cable connection interface on personal computers and consumer electronics. USB ports allow stand-alone electronic devices to be connected via cables to a computer (or to each other). FIREWIRE PORT





Firewire ports are methods of a serial port that makes use of a Firewire technology to transfer data quickly from one electronic device to another.

ETHERNET PORT






An Ethernet port is an opening on computer network tool that Ethernet cables plug into. These ports are known as the jacks or sockets.


HIGH DEFINITION MULTIMEDIA INTERFACE





HDMI(High Definition Mutimedia Interface) is a design that combines video and audio into a particular digital interface for use with DVD players,DTV platers and othe audiovisual devices.